The court asked the panel to suggest advanced data security protocols — including encryption and secure data transmission methods — to protect examination materials from unauthorised access and potential leaks.

It asked the panel to review and recommend updates to the policies of the NTA to ensure that the agency is equipped to handle evolving challenges in examination security.

“It shall also consider the viability of NTA engaging in international cooperation with examination bodies and educational authorities from other countries to share best practices, security measures, and innovative solutions,” said the apex court.

In view of the expanded ambit, the Supreme Court extended the deadline for the committee to submit its report to the Union Ministry of Education — from August 22 set by the Centre to September 30.

“The Ministry of Education shall take a decision on the recommendations made by the committee within a period of one month from receiving the report. It shall prepare and begin to implement a plan of action on this basis. The Ministry of Education shall report compliance with these directions within two weeks of taking the decision on the implementation of the recommendations,” said the court.

In its ruling, the court also flagged the “commercialisation of education” and intense competition among aspirants that has led to a few towns becoming coaching hubs.

“While these towns or cities may have a higher rate of success than some others, instances of malpractice at such centres should be treated on par with any other instance. All instances of the use of unfair means must be dealt with firmly,” the Supreme Court said.

The court was of the view that “formation of a committee is essential to thoroughly investigate and address the structural issues”.